The Black Sea Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (2007)

References &

Annexes

Phytoplankton

Species	First occurence, when available (First published record)	Higher taxon	Status	Vector(s)	Establishment success	Invasiveness (at present)	Native range	Reference
Asterionellopsis glacialis (Castracane) Round 1990	1967	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Atlantic, Pacific	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Chaetoceros diversum var. papilionis Senicheva, 2002	1999	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Pacific	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Chaetoceros tortissimum Gran, 1900	2001	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	N Europe	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Detonula pumila (Castracane) Gran 1900	1999 (2001)	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Ships	RE	Moderately invasive	cosmopolitan	Prodanov et.al. (2001)
Lioloma pacificum (Cupp) Hasle, 1996	1999	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	Indian Ocean	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Pseudosolenia calcar-avis (Schultze) Sundström, 1986	1924	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Highly invasive	Atlantic, Indo-Pacific	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Rhizosolenia setigera Brightwell 1858	1987-1997 (1999)	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	N Atlantic, Pacific, North Sea, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean	Velikova et al. (1999)
Scrippsiella trochoidea (Stein) (Loeblich III , 1976)	1999	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Ships	RE	Non-invasive	Atlantic	Cinar et al. (2005)
Skeletonema subsalsum (A. Cleve) Bethge, 1928	1993	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Unknown	European water bodies	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii Cleve, 1873	1986	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	N Europe	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Alexandrium acatenella (Whed. Et. Kof.), 1985	2001	Dinophyta	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	Pacific Ocean	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Alexandrium affine (Inue et Fukuyo) Balech, 1985	2001	Dinophyta	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	Asia SE	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Alexandrium monilatum Howel, F.J. Taylor 1979	1991 (1995)	Dinophyta	Alien	Ships, diffusion	PE	Moderately invasive	Atlantic ocean, Gulf of Mexico	Moncheva et.al. (1995)
Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Biecheler) Horiguchi ex Yuki et Fukuyo, 1992	2002	Dinophyta	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	Asia SE	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Alexandrium tamarense (Lebour) Balech, 1995	2001	Dinophyta	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	Cosmopolitan	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Petalodinium porcelio J.and M. Cachon 1968	1995-1996 (1999)	Dinophyta	Cryptogenic	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean, Atlantic N.E.	Stoyanova (1999)
Scaphodinium mirabile M argalef	1995-1996 (1999)	Dinophyta	Cryptogenic	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Stoyanova (1999)
Spatulodinium pseudonoctiluca (Pouchet) J.and M. Cachon 1968	1995-1996 (1999)	Dinophyta	Cryptogenic	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean, Atlantic N.E. and Japanese Sea	Stoyanova (1999)
Oxyphysis oxytoxoides (Kofoid, 1926)	1991 (1995)	Dinophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	Alaska, California	Moncheva et.al. (1995)
Gymnodinium aureolum (Hulburt) Hansen, 2000	2002	Dinophyta	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	N America	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Gymnodinium impudicum (S. Fraga & I. Bravo) Hansen & Moestrup	2001	Dinophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Gymnodinium radiatum Kofoid et Swezy 1921	1998	Dinophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Gymnodinium uberrimum (Allman), Kofoid and Swezy, 1921	1994 (1995)	Dinophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	Europe inland	Moncheva et.al. (1995)
Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margelef, 1961	2001	Dinophyta	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	N America, Indian Ocean	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Pronoctiluca pelagica Fabre-Domerque, 1889	1983	Dinophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Cosmopolitan	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Prorocentrum minimum (Pavillard) Schiller, 1933	1948	Dinophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Unknown	Cosmopolitan	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Mantoniella squamata (Manton et Parke, 1960)	198x (1997)	Chlorophyta	Cryptogenic	Diffusion/Ships	PE	Highly invasive	Atlantic Mediterranean	Mihnea & Dragos (1997)
Pterosperma cristatum Schiller, 1925	1948	Chlorophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Unknown	Mediterranean, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Pterosperma joergenseni Schiller, 1925	1948	Chlorophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Unknown	Mediterranean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Pyramimonas longicauda Van Meel 1984	2001	Chlorophyta	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	Pacific Ocean	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Poropila dubia Schiller, 1925 (Vergr., 1911-1914)	1948	Chlorophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Unknown	Mediterranean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Apedinella spinifera Throndsen, 1971	1999	Chrysophyta	Alien	Unknown	RE	Unknown	Mediterranean, Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Bacteriastrum hyalinum Lauder, 1864	1907	Chrysophyta	Alien	Unknown	NE	Unknown	Atlantic Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Distephanus speculum f. octonarius (Ehrenberg) S. Locker & E. Martini	1979	Chrysophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Atlantic Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Octactis octonaria (Ehrenberg) Hovasse, 1946	1948	Chrysophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Unknown	Mediterranean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Hillea fusiformis (Schiller) Schiller, 1925	1948	Cryptophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Unknown	Mediterranean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Phaeocystis pouchetii Hariot (Lagerheim, 1893)	1989 (1990)	Haptophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Highly invasive	Atlantic, Pasific, North Sea, Arctic	Petrova-Karadjova (1990)
Ectocarpus caspicus Henckel, 1909	1980	Phaeophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Caspian Sea	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)

Micro - phytobenthos

Cocconeis britannica Naegeli, 1849	1902	Bacillariophyta	Cryptogenic	Unknown	NE	Unknown	N Europe	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Navicula finmarchica (Cleve & Grunow) Cleve 1895	1970	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	N Europe, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Nitzschia sigmoidea (Nitzsch) W. Smith, 1853	1986	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	N Europe, Europe water bodies	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Toxonidea insignis Donkin, 1858	1902	Bacillariophyta	Cryptogenic	Unknown	NE	Unknown	N Europe	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Undatella quadrata (Brebisson) Paddock et Sims, 1980	1985	Bacillariophyta	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	N Europe	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Pinnularia trevelyana (Donkin) Rabenhenhorst, 1861	1902	Bacillariophyta	Cryptogenic	Unknown	NE	Unknown	N Europe	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)

Macroalgae (phytobenthos)

Desmarestia viridis (Müll). (Lamouroux, 1813)	1992 (1993)	Phaeophyceae	Alien	Ships, Natural expansion	PE	Moderately invasive	Atlantic, Meditteranean	Minicheva & Eryomenko (1993)
Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn)(Lyngbye, 1819)	1973	Phaeophyceae	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	Atlantic	Cinar et al. (2005)
Halothrix lumbricalis (Kützing)(Reinke, 1888)	2004	Phaeophyta	Alien	Ships	RE	Non-invasive	Atlantic	Cinar et al. (2005)
Pilayella littoralis (Linnaeus, (Kjellman, 1872)	1998	Phaeophyta	Alien	Ships	RE	Non-invasive	Atlantic	Cinar et al. (2005)
Acrochaetium codicolum (Borgesen, 1927)	1996	Rhodophyta	Alien	Ships	RE	Non-invasive	Atlantic	Cinar et al. (2005)
Asparagopsis armata (Harvey, 1855)	1973	Rhodophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	Atlantic	C?nar et al. (2005)
Chondrophycus papillosus (C. Agardh)( Garbary & Harper, 1998)	1973	Rhodophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	Red Sea	Cinar et al. (2005)
Laurencia intermedia (Yamada, 1931)	1986	Rhodophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	Red Sea,	Cinar et al. (2005)
Polysiphonia fucoides (Hudson) (Greville, 1824)	1973	Rhodophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	Atlantic	Cinar et al. (2005)
Polysiphonia paniculata (Montagne, 1842)	1986	Rhodophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	Atlantic	Cinar et al. (2005)
Ulva fasciata (Delile, 1813)	1990	Chlorophyta	Alien	Lessepsian	PE	Non-invasive	Red Sea	Cinar et al. (2005)

Vascular plant

Acorus calamus L.	18xx (2000)	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Moderately invasive	Asia SE	Ciocarlan (2000)
Arundo donax L.	196x (2000)	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Agriculture	PE	Non-invasive	Asia inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Azolla caroliniana Wild.	196x-197x	Pterydophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Unknown	MesoAmerica	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Azolla filiculoides Lamarck	1916	Pterydophyta	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Azolla mexicana C.Presl. (auct non Willd.)	1916	Pterydophyta	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Bidens connata Willd.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Bidens frondosa L.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Moderately invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Bidens vulgata E.L.Greene	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Brachyactis ciliata Ledeb.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Moderately invasive	Asia inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Cyperus difformis L.	19xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Agriculture	PE	Non-invasive	Azores	Ciocarlan (2000)
Cyperus odoratus L.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Elodea canadensis Michaux, 1791	189x	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Moderately invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Elodea nuttallii (Planchon) St.John	19xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Highly invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Heliotropium curassavicum L.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Hordeum jubatum L.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	Asia Far East	Ciocarlan (2000)
Juncus tenuis Willd.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Highly invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Lemna minuta H.B.K.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Highly invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Monochoria korsakowii Regel et Maack	19xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Agriculture	PE	Non-invasive	Asia inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Oryza sativa L.	19xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Agriculture	TE	Non-invasive	Asia SE	Ciocarlan (2000)
Populus canadensis Moench.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Agriculture	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Sagittaria latifolia Willd.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Ornamental	PE	Moderately invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Sagittaria trifolia L.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	Asia inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Salix babylonica L.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Ornamental	PE	Non-invasive	Asia Far East	Ciocarlan (2000)
Salix rigida Muhlenb.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Agriculture	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Vallisneria spiralis L.	19xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Ornamental	PE	Moderately invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)
Veronica peregrina L.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	S America	Ciocarlan (2000)
Xanthium orientale L.	18xx	Magnoliophyta	Alien	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Ciocarlan (2000)

Zooplankton

Eutintinnus lusus-undae Entz, 1885	2001	Ciliophora	Alien	Unknown	TE	Non-invasive	Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Ocean Mediterranea,n	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Salpingella aff. rotundata Kofoid & Campbell, 1929	2002	Ciliophora	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Eudoxoides spiralis (Bigelow, 1911)	1978 (1980)	Hydrozoa	Cryptogenic	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Rathkea octopunctata (Sars, 1835)	1957 (1959)	Hydrozoa	Alien	Diffusion	NE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Mediterranean	Porumb (1959b)
Mnemiopsis leidyi Agassiz 1865	1982	Ctenophora	Alien	Ships	PE	Highly invasive	N America E coast, S America E coast	Zaitsev et al (1988)
Beroe ovata Bruguiere 1789	1996 (1998)	Ctenophora	Alien	Natural expansion or Ships	PE	Highly invasive	Atlantic	Gomoiu & Skolka (1998); Konsulov & Kamburska (1998)
Verruca spengleri Darwin, 1854	1959	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1959a)
Acartia tonsa Dana, 1849	1976	Crustacea	Alien	Ships, Canals	PE	Non-invasive	Western Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Calocalanus pavo (Dana, 1849)	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Clausocalanus arcuicornis (Dana, 1849)	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Ctenocalanus vanus Giesbrecht, 1888	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Cymbasoma rigidum Thompson, 1888	1975	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1975) (teza)
Cymbasoma thompsoni (Giesbrecht, 1892)	1975	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1975) (teza)
Ischnocalanus plumulosus (Claus, 1863)	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Labidocera brunescens (Czerniavski, 1868)	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Cryptogenic	Natural expansion	TE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Mecynocera clausi I.C. Thompson, 1888	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Mesocalanus tenuicornis (Dana, 1849)	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Monstrilla grandis Giesbrecht, 1891	(1975)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1975) (teza)
Monstrilla helgolandica Claus, 1863	(1975)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1975) (teza)
Monstrilla longicornis Thompson, 1890	(1975)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1975) (teza)
Neocalanus gracilis (Dana, 1849)	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Oncaea mediterranea (Claus, 1863)	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Oncaea minuta Giesbrecht, 1892	1997	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	RE	Non-invasive	Indo-West Pacific	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Paracalanus aculeatus Giesbrecht, 1888	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Paracalanus nanus Sars, 1907	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Phaenna spinifera Claus, 1863	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)
Oithona brevicornis Giesbrecht, 1891	2001	Crustacea	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	Atlantic Ocean, Indo-Pacific	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Oithona plumifera Baird, 1843	2001	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Cosmopolitan	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Oithona setigera Dana, 1852	2001	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Unknown	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Rhincalanus sp.	1997	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Unknown	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Scolecithrix sp.	2001	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Unknown	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Callianassa truncata (Giard et Bonnier, 1890)	1948 (1967)	Crustacea	Cryptogenic	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Bacescu (1967)
Stylocheiron sp.	1978 (1980)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Porumb (1980)

Zoobenthos/Zooplankton

Blackfordia virginica Mayer 1910

193x (1936)

Hydrozoa

Alien

Ships

Non-invasive

N American E coast

Valkanov (1936)

Zoobenthos

Bougainvillia megas (Kinne, 1956)	19xx (1933)	Hydrozoa	Cryptogenic	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	Atlantic	Paspalev (1933)
Bougainvillia muscus (Van Beneden, 1844)	1960	Hydrozoa	Alien	Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	Atlantic Ocean	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Eudendrium capillare Allman, 1856	1990	Hydrozoa	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Cosmopolitan	Shadrin (1999)
Eudendrium vaginatum Allman, 1863	1990	Hydrozoa	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	N America, Atlantic Ocean	Shadrin (1999)
Pachycordyle navis (Millard, 1959)	197x	Hydrozoa	Cryptogenic	Unknown	NE	Non-invasive	E North Atlantic, Southern Africa, Black Sea	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Tiaropsis multicirrata (M.Sars, 1835)	1990	Hydrozoa	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	E North Atlantic, Arctic Ocean	Shadrin (1999)
Haliplanella luciae (Verrill 1899)	196x (1971)	Anthozoa	Alien	Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	NW Pacific	Bacescu et al. (1971)
Balanus amphitrite Darvin, 1854	1905	Crustacea	Alien	Ships	NE	Unknown	Mediterranean, Atlantic Ocean	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Balanus eburneus (Gould, 1841)	1892	Crustacea	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	N American E coast; S America E coast	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Balanus improvisus Darwin, 1854	1844	Crustacea	Alien	Ships	PE	Highly invasive	N Atlantic, N Pacific, Mediterranean	Gomoiu & Skolka (1996); Zaitsev & Özturk (2001)
Chthamalus stellatus (Poli 1795)	(1933)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	PE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	Borcea (1933)
Sphaeroma walkeri Stebbing, 1905	2002 (2004)	Crustacea	Alien	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	Indo-Pacific	Skolka & Gomoiu (2004)
Nannastacus euxinicus Bacescu, 1951	1951	Crustacea	Cryptogenic	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean, Black Sea	Bacescu (1951)
Idyella pallidula Sars, 1905	1964	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	TE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Paramphiascella vararensis (T Scott, 1903)	1964	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	TE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Proameira simplex (Norman & T Scott, 1905)	1964	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	TE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Robertgurneya rostrata (Gurney, 1927)	1964	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	TE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Amphiascus tenuiremis (Brady & Robertson in Brady, 1880)	1996	Crustacea	Alien	Unknown	NE	Unknown	Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879)	1990-1992	Crustacea	Alien	Aquaculture	TE	Non-invasive	Indo-Pacific	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Alpheus dentipes Guerin-Meneville, 1832	1966 (1973)	Crustacea	Alien	Natural expansion	PE	Non-invasive	Europe W coast, Mediterranean	Bulgurkov (1973)
Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896	1967 (1968)	Crustacea	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	N American E coast	Bulgurkov (1968)
Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards, 1853	(1934)	Crustacea	Alien	Canals, Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	Asia Far East	Vasiliu (1934)
Marsupenaeus japonicus (Bate 1888)	1977	Crustacea	Alien	Aquaculture	NE	Non-invasive	Asia SE	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841)	1937	Crustacea	Alien	Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	N American E coast	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Pandalus kessleri Czerniavsky, 1878	1959	Crustacea	Alien	Aquaculture	NE	Non-invasive	Asia Far East	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Hemianax ephippiger (Burmeister, 1839)	(1898)	Insecta	Alien	Natural expansion	TE	Non-invasive	Africa Inland	McLachlan (1898)
Corambe obscura ( Verrill, 1870)	1980 (1994)	Gastropoda	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	W Atlantic	Sinegub (1994)
Physella acuta (Draparnaud, 1805)	195x (1987)	Gastropoda	Alien	Unknown	PE	Moderately invasive	S Europe	Grossu (1987)
Physella heterostropha (Say, 1817)	2004	Gastropoda	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	N American inland	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1843)	194x (1951)	Gastropoda	Alien	Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	New Zealand	Grossu (1951)
Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846)	1954	Gastropoda	Alien	Ships	PE	Highly invasive	Asia SE	Kaneva-Abadjieva (1958); Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Neptunea arthritica (Bernardi, 1857)	2000	Gastropoda	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Indo-Pacific	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Ercolania viridis (A. Costa, 1866)	2001	Gastropoda	Alien	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	N America, Atlantic Ocean	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Anadara inaequivalvis (Bruguiere, 1789)	1982 (1983)	Bivalvia	Alien	Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	Asia SE	Marinov et al. (1983)
Corbicula fluminea (O.F.Muller 1774)	2000	Bivalvia	Alien	Canals	RE	Moderately invasive	Asia Inland	Micu & Telembici (2004)
Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, 1793	190x	Bivalvia	Alien	Ships, Aquaculture	PE	Non-invasive	Asia Far East	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin 1791)	1973	Bivalvia	Alien	Aquaculture	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. E coast	NIMRD internal reports (Csernok E.)
Dreissena bugensis (Andrussov 1897)	2004	Bivalvia	Alien	Ships	RE	Moderately invasive	Dniepr River basin	Micu & Telembici (2004)
Hypanis vitrea glabra (Ostroumoff, 1905)	2004	Bivalvia	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Caspian Sea	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Musculista senhousia (Benson in Cantor, 1842)	2002 (2004)	Bivalvia	Alien	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	NW Pacific	Micu (2004a,b)
Mytilopsis leucophaeata (Conrad, 1831)	2000	Bivalvia	Alien	Ships	TE	Moderately invasive	N America	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758	2001	Bivalvia	Alien	Aquaculture	TE	Unknown	Atlantic	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Mytilus trossulus Gould, 1850	2001	Bivalvia	Alien	Ships	TE	Unknown	Pacific Ocean	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Mya arenaria Linnaeus, 1758	1966	Bivalvia	Alien	Ships	PE	Highly invasive	N American E coast	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Pteria hirundo (Linne, 1758)	(2002)	Bivalvia	Alien	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean	D. Micu unpublished data
Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams and Reeve 1850 )	(1985)	Bivalvia	Alien	Aquaculture	NE	Non-invasive	Asia SE	NIMRD internal reports (Telembici A.)
Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea 1834)	1962 (1986)	Bivalvia	Alien	Aquaculture	PE	Moderately invasive	Asia Far East	Sarkany-Kiss (1986)
Teredo navalis Linne 1758	700-500 B.C.	Bivalvia	Cryptogenic	Diffusion, Ships	PE	Non-invasive	N Atlantic	Gomoiu & Skolka (1996)
Ficopomatus enigmaticus ( Fauvel, 1923)	1935 (1957)	Polychaeta	Alien	Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	India	Marinov (1957)
Dipolydora quadrilobata Jacobi, 1883	199x	Polychaeta	Alien	Ships	PE	Highly invasive	N Atlantic, N Pacific, Arctic, Mediterranean	Todorova & Panayotova (2006)
Glycera capitata Oersted, 1843	197x	Polychaeta	Alien	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Hesionides arenaria Friedrich, 1937	(1954)	Polychaeta	Cryptogenic	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	Mediterranean-Atlantic	Valkanov (1954)
Magelona mirabilis (Johnston, 1845)	1997	Polychaeta	Alien	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	N Europe	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Nephtys ciliata (Muller, 1776)	(197x)	Polychaeta	Alien	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Ocean, N Europe, Pacific Ocean	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Polydora cornuta Bosc, 1802	1962	Polychaeta	Alien	Ships	PE	Highly invasive	Cosmopolitan	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Polydora websteri Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943	19xx (2005)	Polychaeta	Cryptogenic	Ships	PE	Highly invasive	Pacific	Surugiu (2005)
Sigambra tentaculata (Treadwell, 1941)	196x	Polychaeta	Alien	Ships	TE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Ocean	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Streblospio shrubsolii (Buchanan, 1890)	(1957)	Polychaeta	Cryptogenic	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	N Atlantic, N Pacific, Mediterranean, North Sea, Baltic Sea	Marinov (1957)
Streptosyllis varians Webster & Benedict, 1887	(1966)	Polychaeta	Cryptogenic	Unknown	PE	Non-invasive	N Atlantic	Kaneva-Abadjieva & Marinov (1966); Marinov (1966)
Tubificoides benedii (Udekem, 1855)	1916	Oligochaeta	Alien	Ships	PE	Unknown	N America	Zaitsev et al. (2004)
Molgula manhattensis (De Kay 1843)	19xx (1971)	Tunicata	Alien	Ships	PE	Non-invasive	N Atlantic	Bacescu et al. (1971)
Urnatella gracilis Leidy, 1851	(1954)	Entoprocta	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Bacescu (1954)

Necton

Aristichthys nobilis (Richardson, 1845)	1960 (1967, 1968)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	TE	Non-invasive	Asia Far East	Georgiev (1967) Banarescu (1968a)
Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758)	2003	Osteichthyes	Alien	Unknown	TE	Non-invasive	Indo-Pacific	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Oreochromis aureus (Steingachner, 1864)	197x	Osteichthyes	Alien	Unknown	TE	Moderately invasive	African water bodies	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846)	196x-197x	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	NE	Non-invasive	Pacific Ocean, Asia SE	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844)	1953	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	PE	non-invasive	Asia Far East	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)	(197x)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Unknown	TE	Moderately invasive	African water bodies	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)	1959 (1968)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	PE	Moderately invasive	Asia Far East	Banarescu (1968)
Chelon labrosus (Risso, 1827)	1977 (1980)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Diffusion	PE	non-invasive	Europe W coast, Africa W coast, Mediterranea	Minev (1980)
Gambusia affinis (Baird & Girard, 1853)	1921	Osteichthyes	Alien	Biocontrol	PE	Non-invasive	MesoAmerica	Manea (1985)
Carassius auratus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)	19xx (1938)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Ornamental	PE	Moderately invasive	Asia Far East	Busnita (1938)
Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782)	19xx (1934)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Highly invasive	Asia Far East	Antonescu (1934)
Cyprinus carpio carpio Linnaeus, 1758	12xx	Osteichthyes	Cryptogenic	Aquaculture	PE	Non-invasive	Unknown	Manea (1985)
Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque, 1818)	1978 (1980)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	TE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Angelescu & Macoveschi (1980); Angelescu et al. (1980)
Ictiobus cyprinellus (Valenciennes, 1844)	1978 (1980)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	TE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Angelescu & Macoveschi (1980); Angelescu et al. (1981)
Ictiobus niger (Rafinesque, 1819)	1978 (1980)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	TE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Angelescu & Macoveschi (1980); Angelescu et al. (1982)
Lithognatus mormyrus (Linne, 1758)	(1980)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Natural expansion	NE	Non-invasive	Atlantic Mediterranean, Black Sea	Stanciu & Ilie (1980)
Mugil soiuy Basilewski, 1855	1975 (1980)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	PE	Non-invasive	Asia Far East	Minev (1980); FAO (1997)
Mylopharyngodon piceus (Richardson, 1846)	1960	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	PE	Moderately invasive	Asia Far East	Banarescu (1968)
Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846)	1960 (1964)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	PE	Highly invasive	Asia Far East	Banarascu (1964)
Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)	1971 (1974)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	PE	moderately invasive in rivers	N American E coast	Aleksandrova &. Manolov (1974)
Tribolodon brandtii (Dybowski, 1872)	195x	Osteichthyes	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Pacific Ocean	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Ameiurus melas (Rafinesque 1820)	1997 (1998)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Diffusion	RE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Wilhelm (1998)
Ameiurus nebulosus (Lesueur, 1819)	1910 (1934)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Non-invasive	N Am. inland	Antonescu (1934)
Gambusia holbrooki ( Girard, 1859)	1924 (1973)	Osteichthyes	Alien	biocontrol , Ships	PE	Moderately invasive	N American inland	Karapetkova & Peshev (1973)
Lateolabrax japonicus (Cuvier,1828)	196x-197x	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	NE	Non-invasive	Pacific Ocean, Asia SE	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Lepomis gibbosus (Linne, 1758)	1918 (1929)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Highly invasive	N Am. inland	Busnita (1929)
Micromesistius poutassou (Risso, 1827)	1999	Osteichthyes	Alien	Diffusion, Ships	TE	Non-invasive	N Europe, Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Morone saxatilis (Walbaum, 1792)	1965	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	TE	Non-invasive	N American E coast	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)
Onсorhynchus gorbusсha (Walbaum, 1792)	1961	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	NE	Non-invasive	N American inland	Zaitsev & Öztürk (2001)
Percarina demidoffii Nordmann, 1840	1985 (1986)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Natural expansion	PE	Moderately invasive	Rivers Dniester, Dnieper, Bug, Don	Otel & Banarescu (1986)
Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877	2001 (2004)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Diffusion	RE	Moderately invasive	Asia Far East	Nalbant et al. (2004)
Salmo salar (L. 1758)	1992 (2000)	Osteichthyes	Alien	Aquaculture	PE	Non-invasive	Norway	Ustundag et al. (2000)
Sphyraena obtusata Сuvier, 1829	1999	Osteichthyes	Alien	Unknown	TE	Unknown	Indo-Pacific	Aleksandrov et al. (2006)

Semi-aquatic

Mus musculus Linne, 1758	2000 B.C.	Mammalia	Cryptogenic	Diffusion	PE	Highly invasive	India	Pop & Homei (1973)
Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769)	173x	Mammalia	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Highly invasive	Asia Inland	Pop & Homei (1973)
Ondatra zibethica (Linne, 1766)	193x (1973)	Mammalia	Alien	Diffusion, Escapes from fur farms	PE	Highly invasive	N Am. inland	Pop & Homei (1973)
Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782)	1967 (1988)	Mammalia	Alien	Illegal introduction, Escapes from fur farms	PE	Moderately invasive	S America	Markov (1988)
Mustela vison (Schreber, 1777)	(2005)	Mammalia	Alien	Diffusion	RE	Moderately invasive	N Am. inland	Murariu & Munteanu (2005)
Nyctereutes procyonoides (Gray, 1834)	193x (1973)	Mammalia	Alien	Diffusion	PE	Moderately invasive	Asia Far East	Pop & Homei (1973)

PE - permanently established
TE - temporary established
RE - recently established
NE - not established

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